The study also provides with new analytical tools to study the political history of the development of local government and the local state in the sub-continent, specially in Pakistan and Bangladesh together with some of the recent positive developments in various Indian states, such as West Bengal, Kerala and Maharashtra to enlighten the whole discussion with a comparative outlook. So far this may be regarded as a pioneering work in the field of central-local relations in the peripheral societies in the post cold war era specially for identifying the paradoxes created between deregulation and re-regulation, be-bureucratisation and re-bureacratesation, democracy and disenfranchisement and finally decentralisation and recentralisation with empirical evidence from the upazila programme of Bangladesh.